Small molecule proteomics quantifies differences between normal and fibrotic pulmonary extracellular matrices / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Pulmonary fibrosis is a respiratory disease caused by the proliferation of fibroblasts and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is known that the lung ECM is mainly composed of a three-dimensional fiber mesh filled with various high-molecular-weight proteins. However, the small-molecular-weight proteins in the lung ECM and their differences between normal and fibrotic lung ECM are largely unknown.@*METHODS@#Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing about 150 to 200 g were randomly divided into three groups using random number table: A, B, and C and each group contained five rats. The rats in Group A were administered a single intragastric (i.g.) dose of 500 μL of saline as control, and those in Groups B and C were administered a single i.g. dose of paraquat (PQ) dissolved in 500 μL of saline (20 mg/kg). After 2 weeks, the lungs of rats in Group B were harvested for histological observation, preparation of de-cellularized lung scaffolds, and proteomic analysis for small-molecular-weight proteins, and similar procedures were performed on Group C and A after 4 weeks. The differentially expressed small-molecular-weight proteins (DESMPs) between different groups and the subcellular locations were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Of the 1626 small-molecular-weight proteins identified, 1047 were quantifiable. There were 97 up-regulated and 45 down-regulated proteins in B vs. A, 274 up-regulated and 31 down-regulated proteins in C vs. A, and 237 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated proteins identified in C vs. B. Both the up-regulated and down-regulated proteins in the three comparisons were mainly distributed in single-organism processes and cellular processes within biological process, cell and organelle within cellular component, and binding within molecular function. Further, more up-regulated than down-regulated proteins were identified in most sub-cellular locations. The interactions of DESMPs identified in extracellular location in all comparisons showed that serum albumin (Alb) harbored the highest degree of node (25), followed by prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide (12), integrin β1 (10), apolipoprotein A1 (9), and fibrinogen gamma chain (9).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Numerous PQ-induced DESMPs were identified in de-cellularized lungs of rats by high throughput proteomics analysis. The DESMPs between the control and treatment groups showed diversity in molecular functions, biological processes, and pathways. In addition, the interactions of extracellular DESMPs suggested that the extracellular proteins Alb, Itgb1, Apoa1, P4hb, and Fgg in ECM could be potentially used as biomarker candidates for pulmonary fibrosis. These results provided useful information and new insights regarding pulmonary fibrosis.

Analysis on the epidemic situation of hand - foot - mouth disease in Jiashan County 2010-2015 and its prevention and control strategy / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County from 2010 to 2015, and to provide practical scientific basis for the development of effective prevention and control measures. Methods The case data of pediatric hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County were analyzed from the Chinese disease prevention and control information system. The epidemiological analysis of case distribution was carried out. Results There were 6944 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County from 2010 to 2015, the average annual incidence rate was 199.54/10 million. The disease had obvious seasonal peak, mainly in the period from April to July, and the second peak appeared in some years. The incidence is mainly from 1-3 years old population, the youngest is one month old, the oldest is 26 years old;the ratio of male to female is 1.49:1. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County are obvious seasonal, population and regional. In order to protect children's health, it's need to carry out the prevention and control of diseases actively according to the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD.

Analysis on the epidemic situation of hand - foot - mouth disease in Jiashan County 2010-2015 and its prevention and control strategy / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County from 2010 to 2015, and to provide practical scientific basis for the development of effective prevention and control measures. Methods The case data of pediatric hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County were analyzed from the Chinese disease prevention and control information system. The epidemiological analysis of case distribution was carried out. Results There were 6944 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County from 2010 to 2015, the average annual incidence rate was 199.54/10 million. The disease had obvious seasonal peak, mainly in the period from April to July, and the second peak appeared in some years. The incidence is mainly from 1-3 years old population, the youngest is one month old, the oldest is 26 years old;the ratio of male to female is 1.49:1. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiashan County are obvious seasonal, population and regional. In order to protect children's health, it's need to carry out the prevention and control of diseases actively according to the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD.

Investigation of entecavir treatment in patients with LAM-refractory chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of entecavir (ETV) as a long-term treatment in patients with lamivudine (LAM)-refractory chronic hepatitis B (CHB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this phase II study of ETV-056, 32 CHB patients with resistance to LAM monotherapy were administered ETV at 1.0 mg/day and monitored over a period of 8 years. The virologic, serologic and biochemical responses were measured throughout the treatment course. Outcomes analysis was conducted according to intention-to-treat principles.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At baseline and treatment weeks 8, 12, 24, 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, and 420, the proportion of patients with HBV DNA less than 300 copies/ml was 0, 6.3% (2/32), 9.4% (3/32), 18.8% (6/32), 18.8%(6/32), 46.9% (15/32), 43.8% (14/32), 50.0% (16/32), 50.0% (16/32), and 62.5% (20/32). At treatment weeks 48, 96, 168, 192, 240, and 420, the proportion of patients experiencing virological breakthrough was 6.1% (2/32), 9.4% (3/32), 12.5% (4/32), 18.8%(6/32), 25.0%(8/32), and 28.1% (9/32). In the 8 year study period, 32.3% (10/31) of patients achieved HBs seroconversion and four patients achieved HBe seroconversion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>While treatment with 1.0 mg/day ETV for up to 8 years resulted in mild HBV DNA suppression and increase of HBeAg seroconversion, the safety profile of this therapy was good but the economic cost was high and virological breakthrough rates were high.</p>

Effects of puerarin on proliferation, apoptosis and Kv1.5 gene expression of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells induced by hypoxia / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of puerarin on proliferation, apoptosis and Kv1.5 gene expression of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) induced by hypoxia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rat PASMCs were divided into 5 groups: control group, hypoxia group, hypoxia plus puerarin (1 × 10(-5) mol/L) group, hypoxia plus puerarin (1 × 10(-4) mol/L) group and hypoxia plus puerarin (1 × 10(-3) mol/L) group, and cultured at 37°C for 24 h. The proliferation of rat PASMCs was detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, the activity of caspase-3 was measured with spectrophotometric method, Kv1.5 protein was detected by western blot, Kv1.5 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cell viability and proportion of synthesis phase in control group were 0.940 ± 0.045 and 9.67% ± 1.28%, which were significantly lower than those (1.296 ± 0.034 and 18.19% ± 1.19%) in hypoxia group (P < 0.05). The Caspase-3 activity, Kv 1.5 protein and Kv 1.5 mRNA in control group were 0.1073 ± 0.0113, 0.886 ± 0.038 and 0.0377 ± 0.0031, which were significantly higher than those (0.0664 ± 0.0049, 0.602 ± 0.064 and 0.0108 ± 0.0014) in hypoxia group (P < 0.05). As compared with hypoxia group, the cell viability and proportion of synthesis phase in 3 hypoxia plus puerarin groups significantly decreased, and the Caspase-3 activity, Kv 1.5 protein and Kv 1.5 mRNA in 3 hypoxia plus puerarin groups significantly enhanced (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Puerarin could decrease the proliferation and increase the apoptosis induced by hypoxia in rat PASMCs, and the up-regulated expression of Kv1.5 gene may be the mechanism of puerarin effects.</p>

Comparison of the efficacy of 48 week-Entecavir therapy with that of Adefovir therapy for chronic hepatitis B patients / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy of 48 week-Entecavir therapy with that of Adefovir therapy for chronic hepatitis B patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this open-label study we randomly assigned 125 CHB patients to receive 0.5 mg of entecavir (n = 56) or 10mg of adefovir (n = 69) once daily for 48 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HBV DNA, ALT and HBeAg were quantified at baseline and at 0, 24, 48 weeks. At week 24 and 48, more patients in entecavir group than in adefovir group achieved undetectable serum HBV DNA level (68% vs 35%, 84% vs 49%, P < 0.05). The percentage of patients with normal ALT level in the two groups at week 48 was similar (100% vs 94%, P > 0.05). Among the HBeAg positive patients, more patients in entecavir group than in adefovir group had HBeAg loss at week 24 and 48 (23% vs 7%, 44% vs 15%, P < 0.05). The ratio of HBeAg seroconversion was similar in the two groups at week 24 (18% vs 7%, P > 0.05), but more patients in entecavir group than in adefovir group achieved HBeAg seroconversion at week 48 (33% vs 12%, P < 0.05). The retreated patients in the entecavir group had a higher chance to achieve undetectable serum HBV DNA level (79% vs 34%, P < 0.05), HBeAg loss (42% vs 17%, P > 0.05), and seroconversion (26% vs 17%, P > 0.05), than these in the adefovir group. The safety profiles and adverse event profiles were similar in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared to adefovir, entecavir is more potent to suppress HBV replication.</p>

Effect of bromoxynil on membrane potential and respiratory control rate in isolated mitochondria from mice liver and intervention effect of NAC / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To demonstrate the effect of bromoxynil on membrane potential and respiratory control rate (RCR) in isolate mitochondria from mice liver tissue in vitro and the intervention of NAC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mitochondrial was randomized to control group, bromoxynil-poisoned group and NAC-protected group. S3, S4 and RCR of the mitochondria in each sample was detected by the method of oxygen electrode. Each sample was stained by JC-1 and the changes of membrane potential of mitochondria were observed under fluorescence microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The S3 [(0.031 +/- 0.008) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)], RCR (1.820 +/- 0.181) of bromoxynil-poisoned group and RCR (4.253 +/- 0.210) of NAC-protected group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.01); the S4 [(0.017 +/- 0.004) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] of NAC-protected group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). The S3 [(0.046 +/- 0.005) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] and RCR of NAC-protected group were significantly higher than group B (P<0.01), S4 [(0.011 +/- 0.001) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] of NAC-protected group was significantly lower than bromoxynil-poisoned group (P< 0.01). Observation under fluorescence microscope: the red fluorescence of mitochondria was dim or disappeared in bromoxynil-poisoned group while brightened in NAC-protected group but still dimmer than control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vitro, the mitochondrial RCR and the mitochondrial membrane potential are decreased after the mitochondria is incubated with bromoxynil, and NAC could improve it.</p>

Five years trial of entecavir for chronic hepatitis B patients failed with lamivudine therapy in the Chongqing area / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of five-year trail of entecavir for chronic hepatitis B patients failed with lamivudine therapy in the Chongqing area.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>32 patients failed with lamivudine therapy were enrolled in this study. In the double-blind phase, patients were randomly divided into entecavir 1.0 mg/d group (n = 28) and placebo group(n = 4) for 12 weeks. In the open-lable phase, patients received ETV 1.0 mg/d for 240 weeks. HBV DNA level, liver function, HBV serology were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean reduction in HBV DNA level at week 12 was 4.05 log10 copies/ml in ETV group, and 0.08 log10 copies/ml in placebo group (P less than 0.05). The mean of HBV DNA level after 240 weeks of ETV treatment was decreased to 2.58 log10 copies/ml. The proportion of patients with HBV DNA less than 3 log10 copies/ml was 0, 6.25%, 15.6% , 50%, and 57.14% at 0, 8, 24, 96 and 240 weeks respectivfely. There were 2 patients with HBsAg seroconversion and 4 patients with HBeAg seroconversion at the end of the study. The ALT level returned to normal at week 12 and remained normal throughout the following 240 weeks. One patient had a severe adverse event during the trail.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Entecavir is effective and safe for the chronic hepatitis B patients failed with lamivudine therapy.</p>

Nucleos(t)ides as prophylaxis for the reactivation of hepatitis B virus in immunosuppressed patients / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of HBV reactivation and its clinical characteristics in the non-active HBsAg carriers receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressant treatment, and to evaluate the role of nucleos(t)ide analogues against HBV reactivation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Non-active HBsAg carriers suffering from cancer, autoimmune diseases recieving immunosuppression therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy were enrolled in the study. The in-patients from June 2002 to April 2007 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were assigned in the control group. The outpatients or in-patients with the similar disease condition from April 2007 to July 2008 were enrolled in the preventive group. The characteristics of HBV replication, liver damage, clinical symptoms and effectiveness of nucleos(t)ide analogues as prophylaxis for HBV reactivation were observed. The nucleos(t)ide analogues were used before chemotheraphy or immunosuppressive agents. The characheristics and clinical manifestations about HBV reactivation were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 32 patients in preventive group, the amount of HBV DNA was detected in the 1rst, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment. After chemotherapy or immunosuppressant treatment, only 9.4% (3/32) of them suffered from HBV reactivation, as indicated by positive HBV DNA in the serum and abnormal liver function. Ot the 77 patients in control group without nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment before chemotherapy or immunosuppression therapy, 58.4% (45/77) shown HBV reactivation, 4 patients in the control group died of liver failure, and one liver failure patient recieved liver transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HBV can be activated in immunosuppressed patients, nucleos(t)ide analogues should be used in early phase to prevent HBV reactivation.</p>

Short-term results of telbivudine versus entecavir treatments in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients in China / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of telbivudine (LDT) versus entecavir treatments in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty HBeAg-positive compensated CHB patients with HBV DNA more than 6 log10 copies/ml and serum ALT 2 x ULN were divided into two groups: a telbivudine treatment group, and a entecavir treatment group. HBV DNA, ALT and HBeAg were surveyed at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks. The efficacy and safety of the two nucleoside analogues were assessed at 12 and 24 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Undetectable serum HBV DNA levels of the telbivudine group (50% and 80%) were similar to those of the entecavir B group (50% and 70%) according to the polymerase-chain-reaction assay at week 12 and 24. There were no significant differences in the normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels between the two groups at week 12 and 24 (52.5% vs 60.0%, 77.5% vs 75.0%). The mean reductions in serum HBV DNA from the baseline levels at week 12 and 24 were similar between the two groups [5.27 vs.5.36, 6.49 vs.6.18 log (on a base-10 scale) copies per milliliter]. More patients in the telbivudine group had HBeAg seroconversion at week 12 than those in the entecavir group (20.0% vs 5.0%, P = 0.043); however, there was no significant difference between the two groups at week 24 (27.5% vs 17.5%). No adverse reactions were found in either group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was no significant difference in HBV DNA undetectable rates and the ALT normalization rates between the two groups in a short-term therapy (24 weeks), but the telbivudine group had a higher rate in HBeAg seroconversion than that in the entecavir group at week 12.</p>

Investigation of entecavir medication of chronic hepatitis B patients in the Chongqing area who failed lamivudine treatment / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of entecavir (ETV) in treating lamivudine refractory chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was part of a multicenter, double-blinded, randomized (4:1) and placebo-controlled trial comparing the safety and efficacy of ETV (1.0 mg once q.d.) for 12 weeks in lamivudine refractory CHB patients. All patients were treated with ETV (1.0 mg q.d.) for 168 weeks. During the treatment period, HBV DNA levels were regularly measured by quantitative PCR. Liver function tests, HBV serology and safety assessments were also conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean of HBV DNA log10 decreased from 9.14 to 6.27 at week 2, decreased to 6.28 at week 4, to 5.46 at week 8, to 5.10 at week 12, to 4.49 at week 24, to 4.41 at week 48, to 3.91 at week 96, to 4.05 at week 144, and decreased to 4.21 at week 168. The proportion of HBV DNA more than 10(5) copies/ml gradually dropped from 100% at baseline to 46.43% at week 12 and to 17.86% at week 96. HBV DNA less than 10(3) copies/ml raised from 0 at baseline to 7.14% at week 8, to 10.71% at week 12, to 46.43% at week 96, and raised to 57.14% at week 168. The proportion with HBeAg seroconversion was 10.07% at the end of the study. The mean of ALT became normal at week 12 and remained normal throughout week 168. There was one patient who had a severe adverse event during the trial.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ETV can effectively inhibit the replication of HBV DNA and normalize the levels of ALT in lamivudine refractory CHB patients, and from our study we think the use of ETV is safe.</p>

A research of poisoning components in plasma and histological changes of rabbits with acute toxicity of aconitum kusnezoffii (草乌) / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the poisoning components in plasma and histological changes of rabbits with acute toxicity of aconitum kusnezoffii (草乌).Methods Eight rabbits were garaged with aconitum kusnezoffii liquor,aconitum poisoning model was reproduced,electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure were recorded,the concentrations of aconitine,hypaconitine and mesaconitine in plasma after 0.5,1, 2,3 and 6 hours were measured,and the pathological changes of heart,liver and cerebral cortex were observed.Results After garage with poisoning liquor,arrhythmias and the declination of blood pressure, presenting a tendency of progressive aggravation [before garage:(121.98?16.77)/(110.66?8.78) mm Hg, 1 hour after garage:(102.98?8.34)/(90.22?5.85) mm Hg,2 hours after garage:(66.81?9.13)/ (53.40?6.32) mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa,all P

Clinical investigation of famciclovir in chronic hepatitis B patients irresponsive to alpha interferon treatment / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of famciclovir on the decreasing levels of serum HBV-DNA and ALT and HBeAg/antiHBe seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients irresponsive to 3 months treatment with alpha interferon.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and nineteen patients with chronic HBV infection, defined as positive HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA, were enrolled and randomly half-and- half put into famciclovir and placebo groups. The two groups received either famciclovir 500 mg tid or a placebo treatment for 24 weeks, and then were followed-up for another 24 weeks with no treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the end of 24 weeks, the log value of HBV DNA dropped from 6.54+/-1.26 to 5.70+/-2.03 in the famciclovirt group and were elevated from 6.30+/-1.32 to 6.51+/-1.65 in the placebo group (P < 0.01). The rate of cases with persistence HBV DNA dropped 2 log of quantity in the famciclovir group and was 28.28% (28/99); it was 9.47% (9/95) in the placebo group (P < 0.01). Those with persistence negative HBV DNA was 28.28% (28/99) in the flamciclovir treated group and 14.74% (14/95) in the placebo group (P < 0.05). Those persistently being HBeAg negative were 7.69% (7/91) in the famciclovir treated group and 3.33% (3/90) in the placebo group (P > 0.05). The HBeAg/antiHBe seroconversion was 4.40% (4/91) in the famciclovir group and 2.22% (2/90) in the placebo group (P > 0.05). The percentage of cases with normal of ALT level was 15.15% in the famciclovir group and 6.35% in the placebo group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Famciclovir is effective in inhibiting HBV DNA replication and in decreasing serum ALT levels. The rate of HBeAg/antiHBe seroconversion in the famciclovir treated group was similar to that of the placebo group. Famciclovir was well tolerated without severe adverse effects during our treatment.</p>

A multi-center clinical study of N-acetylcysteine on chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in treating chronic hepatitis B patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (total bilirubin, TBil>170 mmol/L) from several centers were chosen for a randomized and double blind clinical trial. The patients were divided into a NAC group and a placebo group and all of them were treated with an injection containing the same standardized therapeutic drugs. A daily dose of 8 microgram NAC was added to the injection of the NAC group. The trial lasted 45 days. Hepatic function and other biochemistry parameters were checked at the experimental day 0 and days 15, 30, 45.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Each group consisted of 72 patients of similar demology and disease characteristics. During the trial, 28 cases of the 144 patients dropped out. In the NAC group, at day 0 and day 30, the TBil were 401.7 vs. 149.2 and 160.1+/-160.6. In the placebo group, the TBil on the corresponding days were 384.1+/-134.0 and 216.3+/-199.9. Its decrease in the NAC group was 62% and 42% in the placebo group. At day 0 and day 45 of treatment, the effective PTa increase rate was 72% in the NAC group and 54% in the placebo group. The total effective rate (TBil + PTa) was 90% in the NAC group and 69% in the placebo group. The parameters of the two groups showed a remarkable difference. The rate of side effects was 14% in the NAC and 5% in the placebo groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NAC can decrease the level of serum TBil, increase the PTa and reduce the time of hospitalization. NAC showed no serious adverse effects during the period of our treatment. We find that NCA is effective and secure in treating chronic hepatitis B patients.</p>

The efficacy of two type of membrane plasma separator on the treatment of patients with chronic severe hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In order to compare the efficacy of two kinds of membrane plasma separator on the treatment of patients with severe hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>63 cases suffering from chronic severe hepatitis B were divided into two groups, 25 cases were treated with plasma exchange using Evacure-4A membrane plasma separator (A group) or 38 cases were using PS-06 membrane plasma separator (B group). Both of them also were treated with similar basic medical treatment. The level of serum total bilirubin, non-conjugated bilirubin, prothrombin time and albumin were tested at baseline and the end of the treatment with PE.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Evacure-4A and PS-06 membrane plasma separators can effientively remove bilirubin, the levels of serum total bilirubin, non-conjugated bilirubin of all patients were significantly decreased after treated with PE. In A group, the level of serum total bilirubin, non-conjugated bilirubin decreased from (464.2+/-193.8)micromol/L to (279.4+/-158.7)micromol/L, (293.5+/-129.1)micromol/L to (175.5+/-106.7)micromol/L (t=5.45, 10.36, P<0.01) respectively. In B group, the level of serum total bilirubin, non-conjugated bilirubin decreased from (493.2+/-126.9)micromol/L to (299.7+/-96.5)micromol/L, (300.2+/-74.3)micromol/L to (171.5+/-53.1)micromol/L (t=5.17, 12.04, P<0.01) respectively. The level of serum albumin increased after treated with PE in A and B groups, to contrast with PS-06, the increasing percentage of albumin was higher when the patients were treated with PE using Evacure-4A membrane plasma separator [(8.3+/-0.7) % vs. (3.4+/-9.3) %, t = 2.76, P<0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Evacure-4A membrane plasma separator may be better than PS-06 membrane plasma separator on the treatment of patients with chronic severe hepatitis B.</p>

The effect of artificial support system on serum cytokine in chronic severe hepatitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the changes of cytokines including TNFalpha, TGFbeta1 and nitrogen monoxide, and endotoxin in the serum of chronic severe hepatitis after the treatment of ALSS, and to evaluate further the value of ALSS in the treatment of chronic severe hepatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty two patients were screened. The changes of TNFalpha, TGFbeta1, nitrogen monoxide and endotoxin were detected respectively. The relationship between the cytokines and the severity and prognosis were further analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ALSS was effective to decrease the serum concentration of cytokines. TNFalpha dropped from (481.57+/-229.33) pg/ml to (156.46+/-78.12) pg/ml (P < 0.05). TGFbeta1 from (44.09+/-31.73) ng/ml to (27.77+/-23.28) ng/ml (P < 0.01), endotoxin from (1.05+/-0.37) Eu/ml to (0.28+/-0.22) Eu/ml (P < 0.001). NO from (71.15+/-33.09) micromol/L to (58.11+/-29.30) micromol/L (P < 0.001). Before the therapy endotoxin was related with TNFalpha and total bilirubin, while after the therapy, NO was related with protime and aminonemia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High level of endotoxin and nitrogen monoxide in serum plays an important role in hepatocyte damage of chronic severe hepatitis. The changes of serum endotoxin TNFalpha, TGFbeta1 and nitrogen monoxide level in patients with chronic severe hepatitis can be used to judge the severity and prognosis of severe hepatitis. ALSS is a reliable hepatic support device for chronic severe hepatitis</p>

The difference between the positive rate of anti-HCV in the patients with severe viral hepatitis detected by the first generation or second generation enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the positive rate of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in sera of patients with severe viral hepatitis between 1984-1990 year and 1997-2003 year.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum anti-HCV was detected by enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It was detected by the first generation (1st) ELISA (Ortho Co. USA) in 79 cases of severe viral hepatitis during 1984-1990 year, and it was detected by the second generation (2nd) ELISA (Xiamen Xingchuang Co. China) in 251 cases of severe viral hepatitis during 1997-2003 year.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of serum anti-HCV was 51.9% detected by the 1st ELISA in 79 cases of severe viral hepatitis during 1984-1990 year, and it was 1.2% detected by the 2nd ELISA in 251 cases of severe hepatitis during 1997-2003 year (chi2 = 133.68, P </= 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To compare with the positive rate of serum antibody to hepatitis C virus in severe viral hepatitis detected by the 1st ELISA, it was lower that detected by the 2nd ELISA</p>

One year and half treatment with lamivudine in active cirrhosis resulting from chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the therapy effect of long term lamivudine treatment on active cirrhosis following chronic hepatitis B, and explore the methods for abnormalities resulting from lamivudine withdrawing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>58 patients received lamivudine 100 mg orally everyday for 18 months. The changes were observed and wrote down, including clinical symptoms and signs, aminotransferase, virology indexes, and the abnormalities after lamivudine withdrawing, then further to find out plans for the latter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) After lamivudine treatment, there were 35 patients whose situation stabilized, life quality improved, child-pugh score declined, and liver function turned better. (2) The level of HBV DNA decreased at least 10(3) copies/ml. HBeAg of 33.3% patients (13/39) became negative. (3) Among the 10 patients who stopped lamivudine of their own accord, and came again after 3 - 6 months because of hepatitis B recurring, two were treated with interferon for one month, then turning to liver-protecting methods for deteriorating, the other eight only received liver-protecting and immune-regulating treatment, whose liver function improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Long term treatment with lamivudine for active cirrhosis following chronic hepatitis B can improve liver function and life quality, prevent exacerbation. And it is not advisable to use interferon for hepatitis B relapsing after lamivudine withdrawing.</p>

Clinical research on the treatment effect of autologous dendritic cell vaccine on the patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the treatment effect of autologous HBsAg-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) on patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Monocytes were isolated from fresh peripheral blood of 19 CHB patients by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugating and cultured with plastic -adherence method. DCs were induced and proliferated from the monocytes with granulocyte-macrophage clony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for seven days. After being incubated with HBsAg for two hours, DCs were injected to patients subcutaneously twice at the interval of two weeks. HBV DNA level, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, and HBV markers in the serum of patients were tested every two months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>11 of the 19 (57.9%) patients responded to DC-treatment clinically. The rates of HBeAg clearance and HBeAg/anti-HBe seroconversion were 52.6% (10/19) and 26.3% (5/19) respectively, and the copies of HBV DNA decreased by 10(1.77 2.39) (t = 3.13, P < 0.01). Two patients who were treated in combination with lamivudine had complete clinical response. There was no difference in the trial effect between the DC treatment and the other two antiviral methods, and in the efficient rate between the patients whose ALT levels were high before treatment and those whose ALT levels were normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The autologous HBsAg-loaded DCs can effectively suppress HBV replication, reduce virus load in serum, eliminate HBeAg and promote HBeAg/ anti-HBe seroconversion. The patients whose ALT levels are high or normal can response clinically to DCs treatment. DCs in combination with lamivudine can eliminate virus more effectively.</p>

Long-term health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis B patients / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate their long-term outcome and the efficacy and economic significance of antiviral drugs by investigating the long-term health-related quality of life (HQL) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The HQL of 101 CHB patients with biopsy-proven 6 to 18 years ago and 105 persons of general population as control was studied with revised SF-36 questionnaire.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HQL in CHB patients was lower than that in general population in physical functioning, role physical, general health, mental health, and specific symptoms (mu > or = 2.10, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The long-term HQL in chronic hepatitis B patients is poor.</p>